In her latest book, historian Jill Lepore warns of tech companies that replace democratic functions with algorithms and corporations.

Lepore criticises the idea of an 'artificial state' run by machines, arguing it signals a return to tyranny. She sees this trend as particularly concerning in Silicon Valley, where tech leaders misinterpret science fiction for political beliefs.

The historian points out that while she’s not anti-technology, she is concerned about private corporations taking over the functions of government without public consent. This shift has been gradual and accidental, first becoming purposeful around 25 years ago.

Reflecting on the origins of these technologies, Lepore cites Apple's 1984 ad as an example, suggesting that while it was a clever marketing move, few truly believed personal computers would bring liberation. She highlights Apple’s attempt to portray mainframe computers as oppressive and their Macintosh as a liberator.

Despite this skepticism, Lepore advocates for exploring alternative paths in technology development, arguing we could have a version of the internet that doesn't lead to dystopian outcomes.