The rise of high-tech cheating is a stark reminder that technology can both aid and hinder our pursuit of fairness.

According to Ofqual's chief Sir Ian Bauckham, exam invigilators are now trained to spot advanced gadgets like smart glasses and biros with hidden screens. Mobile phones and smart devices continue to be the most common culprits, making up 44% of all student malpractice cases last year.

With over a million students sitting GCSEs and A-levels this summer, Sir Ian warns that small cheats can have big impacts, potentially nullifying entire A-level grades. He notes that while the majority of students would never consider cheating, there is a persistent minority who seek to undermine the system.

In response, exam boards are providing training for invigilators and officers to spot suspicious devices and behavior. Sir Ian advises students: if caught, the penalties can be severe.